dinsdag 6 december 2011

Jean Pierre Duprey, Frankrijk (1930-1959)



Jean-Pierre Duprey werd geboren op 1 januari 1930 te Rouen. Op zijn achttiende vertrok hij naar Parijs. Zijn eerste gedichten had hij dan al geschreven (1945-1947), welke in januari 1948 voor het eerst gepubliceerd zouden worden in en marge

In december 1948 begon hij aan het manuscript voor Derriere son Double , die hij enkele maanden later naar André Breton zou sturen. Deze reageerde per omgaande post, dat hij zeer onder de indruk was van de jonge Duprey, vooral het feit dat hij in elke tekst een tweede stem dacht te horen, die hem uitermate intrigeerde. Later zou Duprey ook verklaren dat hij zich zijn hele leven reeds achtervolgt voelde door iets wat mogelijk nog meer Jean Pierre Duprey was, dan hijzelf. Het feit dat duisternis en dood door hem als hoofdthema's werden geadopteerd, zal dan ook niemand verbazen, thema's die hij echter met een zekere lichtheid wist te beschrijven, zonder dat er spake was van enige omarming. Breton zette zich vervolgens in om het werk van Duprey gepublceerd te krijgen. Dit deed hij onder andere door enkele fragmenten op te nemen in zijn Anthologie de l'Humour Noir, die hij op dat moment aan het herzien was. In 1950 zou Derriere son double gepubliceerd worden.

Maar tegen deze tijd had Duprey reeds afstand genomen van Breton en de surrealistische beweging. Niet dat hij, en verschillende tijdgenoten met hem, het surrealisme afzwoor, maar eerder dat hij duidelijk de behoefte voelde het breder te trekken, meer te integreren met de actualiteit.

1949/1950 bleken de meest productieve jaren in het schrijverschap van Duprey. Een jaar later stopte hij namelijk plots met het schrijven van poezie en storte zich op het schilderen en beeldhouwen. In de jaren die volgde had hij geregeld exposities en begon hij ook hierin een zekere naam op te bouwen.

In 1959 keerde hij plots weer terug naar de schrijftafel en schreef hij zijn laatste werk La Fin at la Maniere.

Datzelfde jaar werd hij gearresteerd nadat hij als surrealistisch gebaar op de eeuwige vlam bij de onbekende soldaat had geurineerd. Na kort gevangen te hebben gezeten werd hij overgebracht naar een psychiatrische inrichting. Weer op vrije voeten stortte hij zich volledig op het afronden van zijn manuscript.

Op 2 oktober 1959 overhandigde hij het eindproduct aan zijn vrouw met de vraag of zij het op wilde sturen naar Andre Breton. Bij terugkomst van het postkantoor trof ze het levenloze lichaam van Duprey aan in diens atelier. Hij had zich opgehangen.

Drie dagen voor ziin dood had hij een vriend nog toevertrouwd dat hij allergisch was voor deze planeet.

Derrière son double, Le Soleil Noir, 1950
La Forêt sacrilège, Le Soleil Noir, 1964
La Fin et la manière, Le Soleil Noir, 1970
Œuvres complètes, annotée par François Di Dio, Bourgois, 1990; herdrukt Poésie/Gallimard, 1998
Un bruit de baiser ferme le monde,; Le Cherche-Midi, 2001

Bron : Jean Pierre Duprey: Geographer of the dark moon - door Pierre Joris, die ook veel werk van Duprey vertaalde.

Ben vooralsnog geen vertalingen van zijn werk tegengekomen.

zondag 4 december 2011

Henry Dumas, USA (1934-1968)



Henry Dumas werd geboren op 23 juli 1934 te Sweet Home, Arkansas. Alhier bracht hij zijn vroege jeugd door en werd er naar eigen zeggen geinspireerd door de religieuse en folk tradities uit de streek. Moms Mabley & gospelmuziek zag hij als belangrijke invloeden op hem alswel op zijn werk.

Op zijn tiende verhuisde het gezin naar Harlem, alwaar hij de publieke scholen doorliep en afstudeerde aan Commerce High School in 1953. Begon datzelfde jaar aan City College, maar verliet de school om zich aan te melden bij de luchtmacht. Gedurende zijn verblijf in de luchtmacht blijft hij metr de religie bezig en geeft les aan een zondagsschool. Verbleef ook een jaar op het Arabisch schiereiland waar hij een interesse ontwikkelde voor de taal, mythologie en cultuur.

Op 24 september 1955 trouwt hij met Loretta Ponton en ze krijgen twee zoons (1958 - 1962) Nadat hij uit dienst kwam begon hij te studeren aan Rutgers University maar zou zijn graad niet behalen. Dumas was tevens actief binnen burgerrechtenorganisaties & humanitaire bewegingen. Waaronder het organiseren van transporten met voedsel en kleding naar demonstranten in Mississippi & Tennessee.

In 1967 begon hij als leraar aan Southern Illinois University. Hier ontmoette hij Eugene Raymond, die een grote rol zou spelen in zijn literaire carriere. Vooral na zijn dood. Ze lazen vaak poëzie voor op literaire bijeenkomsten en stimuleerde elkaar veelvuldig, tot een hoge productie. Dit is dan ook zonder enige twijfel de meest productieve periode uit Dumas zijn schrijversschap. Zo schreef hij stapels met gedichten, korte verhalen en was hij begonnen aan zijn Roman "Jonoah and the green stone"

Op 23 mei 1968 werd hij per ongeluk doodgeschoten door eeen politieagent te New York.

Al zijn werk werd Postuum gepubliceerd.

1974 Ark of Bones & other stories
1974 Play Ebony, Play Ivory - a collection of poetry
1988 Goodbye Sweetwater (stories)
1989 Knees of a Natural Man: The selected poetry of Henry Dumas

bron: The oxford companion to African American Literature (2001)

Kef 12

Take up the blood from the grass, sun.
Take it up.
These people do not thirst for it.
Take up the insect children that play in
the grass, sun.
Take them away.
These people are sick of them.
Take down the long slender reeds, sun.
Cut them down.
These people cannot make flutes any longer.
Now sun, come closer to the earth!
Even closer than that.
Closer. Now, sun.
Take away the shape from the metal, sun.
They are like stone, these people.
Now make them lava.

--

Kef 21

First there was the earth in my mouth. It was there like a running stream, the July fever sweating the delirium of August, and the green buckling under the sun. The taste of sick dust ran in the currents of saliva which I heaved up and tried to picture when all the people would curse their own stinking guts and die. No. I am not wishing that everyone should die. Nor am I wishing that everyone should be still. Only I am squeezing out the steam in me.

--

Kef 24

lay sixteen bales down in front on the plank
let me set and bay at the houndog moon
lay sixteen bales down of the cotton flank
pray with me brothers that the pink
boss dont sweat me too soon
beat my leg in a round nigger peg
lord have mercy on my black pole
lay sixteen bales in the even row
let me sweat and cuss my roustabout tune
lord have mercy on my shrinkin back
let me go with the jesus mule
lay sixteen bales for the warp and loom
beat a nigger down and bury his soul
boss dont sweat me too soon
pray with me brothers that I hold my cool
lord have mercy on this long black leg
let me ride on the jesus mule
lay sixteen bales of white fuzz down
lay sixteen tales of how I got around
lord have mercy on this sweat and stink
lord have mercy
lay sixteen bales
pray brothers
beat down
lord have
let me
lord lord
brothers
the houndog moon
howl jesus,
howl!

--

Knees of a Natural Man

for Jay Wright

my ole man took me to the fulton fish market
we walk around in the guts and the scales


my ole man show me a dead fish, eyes like throat spit
he say “you hongry boy?” i say “naw, not yet”


my ole man show me how to pick the leavings
he say people throw away fish that not rotten


we scaling on our knees back uptown on lenox
sold five fish, keepin one for the pot


my ole man copped a bottle of wine
he say, “boy, build me a fire out in the lot”


backyard cat climbin up my leg for fish
i make a fire in the ash can


my ole man come when he smell fish
frank williams is with him, they got wine


my ole man say “the boy cotch the big one”
he tell big lie and slap me on the head


i give the guts to the cat and take me some wine
we walk around the sparks like we in hell


my ole man is laughin and coughin up wine
he say “you hongry boy” i say “naw, not yet”


next time i go to fulton fish market
first thing i do is take a long drink of wine

--

Love Song

Beloved,
I have to adore the earth:


The wind must have heard
your voice once.
It echoes and sings like you.


The soil must have tasted
you once.
It is laden with your scent.


The trees honor you
in gold
and blush when you pass.


I know why the north country
is frozen.
It has been trying to preserve
your memory.


I know why the desert
burns with fever.
It was wept too long without you.


On hands and knees,
the ocean begs up the beach,
and falls at your feet.


I have to adore
the mirror of the earth.
You have taught her well
how to be beautiful.

--

Rite

Vodu green clinching his waist,
obi purple ringing his neck,
Shango, God of the spirits,
whispering in his ear,
thunderlight stabbing the island
of blood rising from his skull.


Mojo bone in his fist
strikes the sun from his eye.
Iron claw makes his wrist.
He recalls the rites of strength
carved upon his chest.
Black flame, like tongues of glass,
ripples beneath a river of sweat.


Strike the island!
Strike the sun!
Strike the eye of evil!
Strike the guilty one!


No power can stay the mojo
when the obi is purple
and the vodu is green
and Shango is whispering,
Bathe me in blood.
I am not clean.

--

Son of Msippi

Up
from Msippi I grew.
(Bare walk and cane stalk
make a hungry belly talk.)
Up
from the river of death.
(Walk bare and stalk cane
make a hungry belly talk.)


Up
from Msippi I grew.
Up
from the river of pain.


Out of the long red earth dipping, rising,
spreading out in deltas and plains,


out of the strong black earth turning
over by the iron plough,


out of the swamp green earth dripping
with moss and snakes,


out of the loins of the leveed lands
muscling its American vein:
the great Father of Waters,
I grew
up,
beside the prickly boll of white,
beside the bone-filled Mississippi
rolling on and on,
breaking over,
cutting off,
ignoring my bleeding fingers.


Bare stalk and sun walk
I hear a boll-weevil talk
cause I grew
up
beside the ox and the bow,
beside the rock church and the shack row,
beside the fox and the crow,
beside the melons and maize,
beside the hound dog,
beside the pink hog,
flea-hunting,
mud-grunting,
cat-fishing,
dog pissing
in the Mississippi
rolling on and on,
ignoring the colored coat I spun
of cotton fibers.


Cane-sweat river-boat
nigger-bone floating.


Up from Msippi
I grew,
wailing a song with every strain.


Woman gone woe man too
baby cry rent-pause daddy flew.


--


The Zebra Goes Wild Where the Sidewalk Ends

I
Neon stripes tighten my wall
where my crayon landlord hangs
from a bent nail.


My black father sits crooked
in the kitchen
drunk on Jesus’ blood turned
to cheap wine.


In his tremor he curses
the landlord who grins
from inside the rent book.


My father’s eyes are
bolls of cotton.


He sits upon the landlord’s
operating table,
the needle of the nation
sucking his soul.


II
Chains of light race over
my stricken city.
Glittering web spun by
the white widow spider.


I see this wild arena
where we are harnessed
by alien electric shadows.


Even when the sun washes
the debris
I will recall my landlord
hanging in my room
and my father moaning in
Jesus’ tomb.


In America all zebras
are in the zoo.


I hear the piston bark
and ibm spark:
let us program rabies.
the madness is foaming now.


No wild zebras roam the American plain.
The mad dogs are running.
The African zebra is gone into the dust.


I see the shadow thieves coming
and my father on the specimen table.

--

zaterdag 3 december 2011

Michael Dransfield, Australië (1948-1973)


Michael Dransfield werd geboren op 12 september 1948 te Sydney alwaar hij ook The Sydney Grammar School doorliep. Volgde nog kortstondig een studie Engelse taal & literatuur aan de University of New South Wales & Sydney University, maar kwam al snel tot de conclusie dat het studentenleven niets voor hem was. Na nog enkel maanden als kantoorklerk te hebben gefungeerd, dompelde hij zichzelf onder in de literaire wereld. Had af en toe nog wel eens een baantje, maar reisde het liefst door het land - altijd onderweg naar vrienden en collega poeten.

Dransfield schreef zijn eerste gedicht op zijn achtste, maar begon op regelmatige basis gedichten te produceren toen hij een jaar of veertien was. Hij schreef in die periode vooral lyrische poezie die al vroeg de aandacht trok, maar later kwam de nadruk steeds meer te liggen op zijn drugs experimenten. Zijn poezie werd voor het eerst in het midden van de jaren zestig gepubliceerd in de zogenaamde Underground Press. Zijn werk reflecteerde vaak de stem van het volk in een gemarginaliseerde samenleving. Hij experimenteerde met drugs en alternatieve levensstijlen, was een prominent lid van Sydney's subcultuur en een actieve actievoerder tegen de Vietnamoorlog. Hij had zelf ook een oproep ontvangen, maar was afgekeurd vanwege een slechte gezondheid.

De kwaliteit van zijn poezie bezorgde hem een steeds groter wordend publiek, en maakte van hem een van best gelezen dichters van zijn generatie, ondanks het feit dat hij doorgaans korte werken produceerde.

Dransfield's gedichten werden gepubliceerd in Meanjin, Southerly, Poetry Australie & Poetry Magazine . Zijn eerste poezie-bundel was Streets of the Long Voyage. Daarna zou hij nog twee bundels produceren, waaronder Drug Poems (Sun Books 1972) welke 't resultaat was van een door drugsgebruik geinspireerd poetisch experiment.

Tussen 1967 en 1969 correspondeerde Dransfield veelvuldig met Peter Kocan die gevangen had gezeten vanwege een poging federaal oppositie leider Arthur Calwell om het leven te brengen, maar zijn tijd nu doorbracht in Morrisset Mental Hospital. Een correspondentie die ook veel gedichten bevatte. Dransfield citeerde in deze correspondentie ook veelvuldig uit gedichten van anderen. De brieven geven verder een goed beeld van Dransfield's excensieve schrijfgedrag en een inzicht in zijn mentale staat en persoonlijke worstelingen in deze periode van zijn leven.

Begin twintig werd Dransfield veelvuldig geplaagd door een slechte gezondheid, Hij stierf in Mater Misericirdiae hospital te Sydney op Goede vrijdag 20 april 1973, slechts 24 jaar oud, Hij liet ongeveer duizend gedichten achter. Hoewel het vaak is aangenomen dat hij stierf aan een overdosis Heroine, meld zijn Biograaf Patricia Dobrez dat de bevindingen van de lijkschouwer spraken van een "acute broncho-pneumonia" en hersenbeschadiging. Daarnaast zou het feit dat hij afgekeurd werd voor militaire dienst tevens sugereren dat zijn onderliggende gezondheidsproblemen alreeds genoeg schade hadden veroorzaakt, nog voor hij veelvuldig met drugs begon te experimenteren. Maar gelukkig zal het toch altijd een raadsel blijven.

Parnassus mad ward

for libby

First day she hid in bed
under the covers. Then tried to climb up the wall.
On the third day she was telling a parable:
"there was a dead dog on a road. Rotting. Everyone thought
it ugly. But Christ said, "Its teeth, they are beautiful."'
Overcast Thursday, in the garden
she was picking flowers. 'I like pansies,' she said,
'my friends. They have faces.' Pressed one between the pages
of her sculpture book. It rained, we sat on a bench
beneath a maple whose starfish leaves swam in watery
afternoon. Wet grassblades green day everything green
the absolutest colour. Speaking later of Heine
wondering within myself how if poets become mad
there continues to be such colour and how
if gods shall have been discredited forgotten
there can still be innocents there can still be love.

---

Six months

for Paula

a smoke of tea
a fix
and a good lie
down
the doc gives me
six months to live

won't spend them
staying still

believe i'll
see some country
& love not left behind

---

shit

in the bluejean days
when acid was still legal
we used to sell shit for fourteen an
oz & everything was cool & the DS only had
three cops
now its thrity when you can
get it & the squad has thirty-two cops only we
call them pigs now & the heavies are getting all the
smolers busted so they can lay
smack on everyone

the perfect merchandise

customers for life

we know this cat
lives in Mombasa
where good shit's
dollar a kilo

asked him
what's it like living in Mombasa

been there a year & and he said
i don't know, man

---

meer gedichten vindt u hier

Joseph Rodman Drake, USA (1795-1820)


Joseph Rodman Drake werd geboren op 7 augustus 1795 te New York. Zijn ouders overleden echter al vroeg, waardoor de vier kinderen (naast Joseph telde het gezin nog drie meisjes) al snel op eigen benen diende te staan. Sinds zijn vroege kindertijd schreef Drake reeds gedichten. Een activiteit die overigens ook door zijn zussen Caroline & Louise gebezigd werd.

Hij ontving zijn opleiding aan Colombia en besloot in 1813 medicijnen te gaan studeren. In 1816 ging hij zelf als arts aan de slag en trouwde in datzelfde jaar met Sarah Eckford, waarmee hij één dochter kreeg. In deze periode schreef hij ook een groot deel van zijn bekendere werken zoals The Culprit Fay & The American Flag.

In 1819 schreef hij samen met zijn vriend en tevens dichter Fitz-Greene Halleck een serie satirische verzen voor The New York Post, welke gepubliceerd werden onder het pseudoniem The Croakers.

Drake stierf een jaar later op 21 september 1820 te New York aan de gevolgen van tuberculose.

Als schrijver werd Drake beschouwd als deel van "The Knickerbocker group", tezamen met onder andere Halleck, Washington Irving , William Cullen Bryant , James Kirke Paulding , Gulian Crommelin Verplancke, Robert Charles Sands , Lydia M. Child , en Nathaniel Parker Willis . Een verzameling van zijn werk werd in 1835 door zijn dochter verzorgd onder de titel "The Culprit Fay and Other Poems"

The Culprit Fay


"My visual orbs are purged from film, and lo!
"Instead of Anster's turnip-bearing vales
"I see old fairy land's miraculous show!
"Her trees of tinsel kissed by freakish gales,
"Her Ouphs that, cloaked in leaf-gold, skim the breeze,
"And fairies, swarming ----- "



Tennant's Anster Fair

I
'Tis the middle watch of a summer's night --
The earth is dark, but the heavens are bright;
Nought is seen in the vault on high
But the moon, and the stars, and the cloudless sky,
And the flood which rolls its milky hue,
A river of light on the welkin blue.
The moon looks down on old Cronest,
She mellows the shades on his shaggy breast,
And seems his huge gray form to throw
In a sliver cone on the wave below;

His sides are broken by spots of shade,
By the walnut bough and the cedar made,
And through their clustering branches dark
Glimmers and dies the fire-fly's spark --
Like starry twinkles that momently break
Through the rifts of the gathering tempest's rack.

II

The stars are on the moving stream,
And fling, as its ripples gently flow,
A burnished length of wavy beam
In an eel-like, spiral line below;
The winds are whist, and the owl is still,
The bat in the shelvy rock is hid,
And nought is heard on the lonely hill
But the cricket's chirp, and the answer shrill
Of the gauze-winged katy-did;
And the plaint of the wailing whip-poor-will,
Who moans unseen, and ceaseless sings,
Ever a note of wail and woe,
Till morning spreads her rosy wings,
And earth and sky in her glances glow.

III

'Tis the hour of fairy ban and spell:
The wood-tick has kept the minutes well;
He has counted them all with click and stroke,
Deep in the heart of the mountain oak,
And he has awakened the sentry elve
Who sleeps with him in the haunted tree,
To bid him ring the hour of twelve,
And call the fays to their revelry;
Twelve small strokes on his tinkling bell --
('Twas made of the white snail's pearly shell:- )
"Midnight comes, and all is well!
Hither, hither, wing your way!
'Tis the dawn of the fairy day."

IV

They come from beds of lichen green,
They creep from the mullen's velvet screen;
Some on the backs of beetles fly
From the silver tops of moon-touched trees,
Where they swung in their cobweb hammocks high,
And rock'd about in the evening breeze;
Some from the hum-bird's downy nest --
They had driven him out by elfin power,
And pillowed on plumes of his rainbow breast,
Had slumbered there till the charmed hour;
Some had lain in the scoop of the rock,
With glittering ising-stars inlaid;
And some had opened the four-o'clock,
And stole within its purple shade.
And now they throng the moonlight glade,
Above -- below -- on every side,
Their little minim forms arrayed
In the tricksy pomp of fairy pride!

V

They come not now to print the lea,
In freak and dance around the tree,
Or at the mushroom board to sup,
And drink the dew from the buttercup; --
A scene of sorrow waits them now,
For an Ouphe has broken his vestal vow;
He has loved an earthly maid,
And left for her his woodland shade;
He has lain upon her lip of dew,
And sunned him in her eye of blue,
Fann'd her cheek with his wing of air,
Played in the ringlets of her hair,
And, nestling on her snowy breast,
Forgot the lily-king's behest.
For this the shadowy tribes of air
To the elfin court must haste away:--
And now they stand expectant there,
To hear the doom of the Culprit Fay.

VI

The throne was reared upon the grass
Of spice-wood and of sassafras;
On pillars of mottled tortoise-shell
Hung the burnished canopy --
And o'er it gorgeous curtains fell
Of the tulip's crimson drapery.
The monarch sat on his judgment-seat,
On his brow the crown imperial shone,
The prisoner Fay was at his feet,
And his peers were ranged around the throne.
He waved his sceptre in the air,
He looked around and calmly spoke;
His brow was grave and his eye severe,
But his voice in a softened accent broke:

VII

"Fairy! Fairy! list and mark,
Thou hast broke thine elfin chain,
Thy flame-wood lamp is quenched and dark,
And thy wings are dyed with a deadly stain --
Thou hast sullied thine elfin purity
In the glance of a mortal maiden's eye,
Thou hast scorned our dread decree,
And thou shouldst pay the forfeit high,
But well I know her sinless mind
Is pure as the angel forms above,
Gentle and meek, and chaste and kind,
Such as a spirit well might love;
Fairy! had she spot or taint,
Bitter had been thy punishment.
Tied to the hornet's shardy wings;
Tossed on the pricks of nettles' stings;
Or seven long ages doomed to dwell
With the lazy worm in the walnut-shell;
Or every night to writhe and bleed
Beneath the tread of the centipede;
Or bound in a cobweb dungeon dim,
Your jailer a spider huge and grim,
Amid the carrion bodies to lie,
Of the worm, and the bug, and the murdered fly:
These it had been your lot to bear,
Had a stain been found on the earthly fair.
Now list, and mark our mild decree --
Fairy, this your doom must be:

VIII

"Thou shalt seek the beach of sand
Where the water bounds the elfin land,
Thou shalt watch the oozy brine
Till the sturgeon leaps in the bright moonshine,
Then dart the glistening arch below,
And catch a drop from his silver bow.
The water-sprites will wield their arms
And dash around, with roar and rave,
And vain are the woodland spirits' charms,
They are the imps that rule the wave.
Yet trust thee in thy single might,
If thy heart be pure and thy spirit right,
Thou shalt win the warlock fight.

IX

"If the spray-bead gem be won,
The stain of thy wing is washed away,
But another errand must be done
Ere thy crime be lost for aye;
Thy flame-wood lamp is quenched and dark,
Thou must re-illume its spark.
Mount thy steed and spur him high
To the heaven's blue canopy;
And when thou seest a shooting star,
Follow it fast, and follow it far --
The last faint spark of its burning train
Shall light the elfin lamp again.
Thou hast heard our sentence, Fay;
Hence! to the water-side, away!"

X

The goblin marked his monarch well;
He spake not, but he bowed him low,
Then plucked a crimson colen-bell,
And turned him round in act to go.
The way is long, he cannot fly,
His soiled wing has lost its power,
And he winds adown the mountain high,
For many a sore and weary hour.
Through dreary beds of tangled fern,
Through groves of nightshade dark and dern,
Over the grass and through the brake,
Where toils the ant and sleeps the snake;
Now o'er the violet's azure flush
He skips along in lightsome mood;
And now he thrids the bramble bush,
Till its points are dyed in fairy blood.
He has leapt the bog, he has pierced the briar,
He has swum the brook, and waded the mire,
Till his spirits sank, and his limbs grew weak,
And the red waxed fainter in his cheek.
He had fallen to the ground outright,
For rugged and dim was his onward track,
But there came a spotted toad in sight,
And he laughed as he jumped upon her back;
He bridled her mouth with a silk-weed twist;
He lashed her sides with an osier thong;
And now through evening's dewy mist,
With leap and spring they bound along,
Till the mountain's magic verge is past,
And the beach of sand is reached at last.

XI

Soft and pale is the moony beam,
Moveless still the glassy stream,
The wave is clear, the beach is bright
With snowy shells and sparkling stones;
The shore-surge comes in ripples light,
In murmurings faint and distant moans;
And ever afar in the silence deep
Is heard the splash of the sturgeon's leap,
And the bend of his graceful bow is seen --
A glittering arch of silver sheen,
Spanning the wave of burnished blue,
And dripping with gems of the river dew.

XII

The elfin cast a glance around,
As he lighted down from his courser toad,
Then round his breast his wings he wound,
And close to the river's brink he strode;
He sprang on a rock, he breathed a prayer,
Above his head his arms he threw,
Then tossed a tiny curve in air,
And headlong plunged in the waters blue.

XIII

Up sprung the spirits of the waves,
From sea-silk beds in their coral caves,
With snail-plate armour snatched in haste,
They speed their way through the liquid waste;
Some are rapidly borne along
On the mailed shrimp or the prickly prong,
Some on the blood-red leeches glide,
Some on the stony star-fish ride,
Some on the back of the lancing squab,
Some on the sidelong soldier-crab;
And some on the jellied quarl, that flings
At once a thousand streamy stings --
They cut the wave with the living oar
And hurry on to the moonlight shore,
To guard their realms and chase away
The footsteps of the invading Fay.

XIV

Fearlessly he skims along,
His hope is high, and his limbs are strong,
He spreads his arms like the swallow's wing,
And throws his feet with a frog-like fling;
His locks of gold on the waters shine,
At his breast the tiny foam-beads rise,
His back gleams bright above the brine,
And the wake-line foam behind him lies.
But the water-sprites are gathering near
To check his course along the tide;
Their warriors come in swift career
And hem him round on every side;
On his thigh the leech has fixed his hold,
The quarl's long arms are round him roll'd,
The prickly prong has pierced his skin,
And the squab has thrown his javelin,
The gritty star has rubbed him raw,
And the crab has struck with his giant claw;
He howls with rage, and he shrieks with pain,
He strikes around, but his blows are vain;
Hopeless is the unequal fight,
Fairy! nought is left but flight.

XV

He turned him round and fled amain
With hurry and dash to the beach again;
He twisted over from side to side,
And laid his cheek to the cleaving tide.
The strokes of his plunging arms are fleet,
And with all his might he flings his feet,
But the water-sprites are round him still,
To cross his path and work him ill.
They bade the wave before him rise;
They flung the sea-fire in his eyes,
And they stunned his ears with the scallop stroke,
With the porpoise heave and the drum-fish croak.
Oh! but a weary wight was he
When he reached the foot of the dog-wood tree;
- Gashed and wounded, and stiff and sore,
He laid him down on the sandy shore;
He blessed the force of the charmed line,
And he banned the water-goblin's spite,
For he saw around in the sweet moonshine,
Their little wee faces above the brine,
Giggling and laughing with all their might
At the piteous hap of the Fairy wight.

XVI

Soon he gathered the balsam dew
From the sorrel leaf and the henbane bud;
Over each wound the balm he drew,
And with cobweb lint he stanched the blood.
The mild west wind was soft and low,
It cooled the heat of his burning brow,
And he felt new life in his sinews shoot,
As he drank the juice of the cal'mus root;
And now he treads the fatal shore,
As fresh and vigorous as before.

XVII

Wrapped in musing stands the sprite:
'Tis the middle wane of night,
His task is hard, his way is far,
But he must do his errand right
Ere dawning mounts her beamy car,
And rolls her chariot wheels of light;
And vain are the spells of fairy-land,
He must work with a human hand.

XVIII

He cast a saddened look around,
But he felt new joy his bosom swell,
When, glittering on the shadowed ground,
He saw a purple muscle shell;
Thither he ran, and he bent him low,
He heaved at the stern and he heaved at the bow,
And he pushed her over the yielding sand,
Till he came to the verge of the haunted land.
She was as lovely a pleasure boat
As ever fairy had paddled in,
For she glowed with purple paint without,
And shone with silvery pearl within;
A sculler's notch in the stern he made,
An oar he shaped of the bootle blade;
Then spung to his seat with a lightsome leap,
And launched afar on the calm blue deep.

XIX

The imps of the river yell and rave;
They had no power above the wave,
But they heaved the billow before the prow,
And they dashed the surge against her side,
And they struck her keel with jerk and blow,
Till the gunwale bent to the rocking tide.
She wimpled about in the pale moonbeam,
Like a feather that floats on a wind tossed-stream;
And momently athwart her track
The quarl upreared his island back,
And the fluttering scallop behind would float,
And patter the water about the boat;
But he bailed her out with his colen-bell,
And he kept her trimmed with a wary tread,
While on every side like lightening fell
The heavy strokes of his bootle-blade.

XX

Onward still he held his way,
Till he came where the column of moonshine lay,
And saw beneath the surface dim
The brown-backed sturgeon slowly swim:
Around him were the goblin train --
But he sculled with all his might and main,
And followed wherever the sturgeon led,
Till he saw him upward point his head;
Then he dropped his paddle blade,
And held his colen goblet up
To catch the drop in its crimson cup.

XXI

With sweeping tail and quivering fin,
Through the wave the sturgeon flew,
And, like the heaven-shot javelin,
He sprung above the waters blue.
Instant as the star-fall light,
He plunged him in the deep again,
But left an arch of silver bright
The rainbow of the moony main.
It was a strange and lovely sight
To see the puny goblin there;
He seemed an angel form of light,
With azure wing and sunny hair,
Throned on a cloud of purple fair,
Circled with blue and edged with white,
And sitting at the fall of even
Beneath the bow of summer heaven.

XXII

A moment and its lustre fell,
But ere it met the billow blue,
He caught within his crimson bell,
A droplet of its sparkling dew --
Joy to thee, Fay! thy task is done,
Thy wings are pure, for the gem is won --
Cheerly ply thy dripping oar,
And haste away to the elfin shore.

XXIII

He turns, and lo! on either side
The ripples on his path divide;
And the track o'er which his boat must pass
Is smooth as a sheet of polished glass.
Around, their limbs the sea-nymphs lave,
With snowy arms half swelling out,
While on the glossed and gleamy wave
Their sea-green ringlets loosely float;
They swim around with smile and song;
They press the bark with pearly hand,
And gently urge her course along,
Toward the beach of speckled sand;
And, as he lightly leapt to land,
They bade adieu with nod and bow,
Then gayly kissed each little hand,
And dropped in the crystal deep below.

XXIV

A moment staied the fairy there;
He kissed the beach and breathed a prayer,
Then spread his wings of gilded blue,
And on to the elfin court he flew;
As ever ye saw a bubble rise,
And shine with a thousand changing dyes,
Till lessening far through ether driven,
It mingles with the hues of heaven:
As, at the glimpse of morning pale,
The lance-fly spreads his silken sail,
And gleams with blendings soft and bright,
Till lost in the shades of fading night;
So rose from earth the lovely Fay --
So vanished, far in heaven away!

* * * * * * * * * * * * *

Up, Fairy! quit thy chick-weed bower,
The cricket has called the second hour,
Twice again, and the lark will rise
To kiss the streaking of the skies --
Up! thy charmed armour don,
Thou'lt need it ere the night be gone.

XXV

He put his acorn helmet on;
It was plumed of the silk of the thistle down:
The corslet plate that guarded his breast
Was once the wild bee's golden vest;
His cloak, of a thousand mingled dyes,
Was formed of the wings of butterflies;
His shield was the shell of a lady-bug queen,
Studs of gold on a ground of green;
And the quivering lance which he brandished bright,
Was the sting of a wasp he had slain in fight.
Swift he bestrode his fire-fly steed;
He bared his blade of the bent grass blue;
He drove his spurs of the cockle seed,
And away like a glance of thought he flew,
To skim the heavens and follow far
The fiery trail of the rocket-star.

XXVI

The moth-fly, as he shot in air,
Crept under the leaf, and hid her there;
The katy-did forgot its lay,
The prowling gnat fled fast away,
The fell mosqueto checked his drone
And folded his wings till the Fay was gone,
And the wily beetle dropped his head,
And fell on the ground as if he were dead;
They crouched them close in the darksome shade,
They quaked all o'er with awe and fear,
For they had felt the blue-bent blade,
And writhed at the prick of the elfin spear;
Many a time on a summer's night,
When the sky was clear and the moon was bright,
They had been roused from the haunted ground,
By the yelp and bay of the fairy hound;
They had heard the tiny bugle horn,
They had heard of twang of the maize-silk string,
When the vine-twig bows were tightly drawn,
And the nettle-shaft through the air was borne,
Feathered with down the hum-bird's wing.
And now they deemed the courier ouphe,
Some hunter sprite of the elfin ground;
And they watched till they saw him mount the roof
That canopies the world around;
Then glad they left their covert lair,
And freaked about in the midnight air.

XXVII

Up to the vaulted firmament
His path the fire-fly courser bent,
And at every gallop on the wind,
He flung a glittering spark behind;
He flies like a feather in the blast
Till the first light cloud in heaven is past,
But the shapes of air have begun their work,
And a drizzly mist is round him cast,
He cannot see through the mantle murk,
He shivers with cold, but he urges fast,
Through storm and darkness, sleet and shade,
He lashes his steed and spurs amain,
For shadowy hands have twitched the rein,
And flame-shot tongues around him played,
And near him many a fiendish eye
Glared with a fell malignity,
And yells of rage, and shrieks of fear,
Came screaming on his startled ear.

XXVIII

His wings are wet around his breast,
The plume hangs dripping from his crest,
His eyes are blur'd with the lightning's glare,
And his ears are stunned with the thunder's blare,
But he gave a shout, and his blade he drew,
He thrust before and he struck behind,
Till he pierced their cloudy bodies through,
And gashed their shadowy limbs of wind;
Howling the misty spectres flew,
They rend the air with frightful cries,
For he has gained the welkin blue,
And the land of clouds beneath him lies.

XXIX

Up to the cope careering swift
In breathless motion fast,
Fleet as the swallow cuts the drift,
Or the sea-roc rides the blast,
The sapphire sheet of eve is shot,
The sphered moon is past,
The earth but seems a tiny blot
On a sheet of azure cast.
O! it was sweet in the clear moonlight,
To tread the starry plain of even,
To meet the thousand eyes of night,
And feel the cooling breath of heaven!
But the Elfin made no stop or stay
Till he came to the bank of the milky-way,
Then he checked his courser's foot,
And watched for the glimpse of the planet-shoot.

XXX

Sudden along the snowy tide
That swelled to meet their footstep's fall,
The sylphs of heaven were seen to glide,
Attired in sunset's crimson pall;
Around the Fay they weave the dance,
They skip before him on the plain,
And one has taken his wasp-sting lance,
And one upholds his bridle rein;
With warblings wild they lead him on
To where through clouds of amber seen,
Studded with stars, resplendent shone
The palace of the sylphid queen.
Its spiral columns gleaming bright
Were streamers of the northern light;
Its curtain's light and lovely flush
Was of the morning's rosy blush,
And the ceiling fair that rose aboon
The white and feathery fleece of noon.

XXXI

But oh! how fair the shape that lay
Beneath a rainbow bending bright,
She seemed to the entranced Fay
The loveliest of the forms of light;
Her mantle was the purple rolled
At twilight in the west afar;
'Twas tied with threads of dawning gold,
And buttoned with a sparkling star.
Her face was like the lily roon
That veils the vestal planet's hue;
Her eyes, two beamlets from the moon,
Set floating in the welkin blue.
Her hair is like the sunny beam,
And the diamond gems which round it gleam
Are the pure drops of dewy even
That ne'er have left their native heaven.

XXXII

She raised her eyes to the wondering sprite,
And they leapt with smiles, for well I ween
Never before in the bowers of light
Had the form of an earthly Fay been seen.
Long she looked in his tiny face;
Long with his butterfly cloak she played;
She smoothed his wings of azure lace,
And handled the tassel of his blade;
And as he told in accents low
The story of his love and woe,
She felt new pains in her bosom rise,
And the tear-drop started in her eyes.
And 'O sweet spirit of earth,' she cried,
'Return no more to your woodland height,
But ever here with me abide
In the land of everlasting light!
Within the fleecy drift we'll lie,
We'll hang upon the rainbow's rim;
And all the jewels of the sky
Around thy brow shall brightly beam!
And thou shalt bathe thee in the stream
That rolls its whitening foam aboon,
And ride upon the lightning's gleam,
And dance upon the orbed moon!
We'll sit within the Pleiad ring,
We'll rest on Orion's starry belt,
And I will bid my sylphs to sing
The song that makes the dew-mist melt;
Their harps are of the umber shade,
That hides the blush of waking day,
And every gleamy string is made
Of silvery moonshine's lengthened ray;
And thou shalt pillow on my breast,
While heavenly breathings float around,
And, with the sylphs of ether blest,
Forget the joys of fairy ground.'

XXXIII

She was lovely and fair to see
And the elfin's heart beat fitfully;
But lovelier far, and still more fair,
The earthly form imprinted there;
Nought he saw in the heavens above
Was half so dear as his mortal love,
For he thought upon her looks so meek,
And he thought of the light flush on her cheek;
Never again might he bask and lie
On that sweet cheek and moonlight eye,
But in his dreams her form to see,
To clasp her in his reverie,
To think upon his virgin bride,
Was worth all heaven and earth beside.

XXXIV

'Lady,' he cried, 'I have sworn to-night,
On the word of a fairy knight,
To do my sentence-task aright;
My honour scarce is free from stain,
I may not soil its snows again;
Betide me weal, betide me woe,
Its mandate must be answered now.'
Her bosom heaved with many a sigh,
The tear was in her drooping eye;
But she led him to the palace gate,
And called the sylphs who hovered there,
And bade them fly and bring him straight
Of clouds condensed a sable car.
With charm and spell she blessed it there,
From all the fiends of upper air;
Then round him cast the shadowy shroud,
And tied his steed behind the cloud;
And pressed his hand as she bade him fly
Far to the verge of the northern sky,
For by its wane and wavering light
There was a star would fall to-night.

XXXV

Borne after on the wings of the blast,
Northward away, he speeds him fast,
And his courser follows the cloudy wain
Till the hoof-strokes fall like pattering rain.
The clouds roll backward as he flies,
Each flickering star behind him lies,
And he has reached the northern plain,
And backed his fire-fly steed again,
Ready to follow in its flight
The streaming of the rocket-light.

XXXVI

The star is yet in the vault of heaven,
But its rocks in the summer gale;
And now 'tis fitful and uneven,
And now 'tis deadly pale;
And now 'tis wrapp'd in sulphur smoke,
And quenched is its rayless beam,
And now with a rattling thunder-stroke
It bursts in flash and flame.
As swift as the glance of the arrowy lance
That the storm-spirit flings from high,
The star-shot flew o'er the welkin blue,
As it fell from the sheeted sky.
As swift as the wind in its trail behind
The elfin gallops along,
The fiends of the clouds are bellowing loud,
But the sylphid charm is strong;
He gallops unhurt in the shower of fire,
While the cloud-fiends fly from the blaze;
He watches each flake till its sparks expire,
And rides in the light of its rays.
But he drove his steed to the lightning's speed,
And caught a glimmering spark;
Then wheeled around to the fairy ground,
And sped through the midnight dark.

* * * * * * * * * * * *

Ouphe and goblin! imp and sprite!
Elf of eve! and starry Fay!
Ye that love the moon's soft light,
Hither -- hither wend your way;
Twine ye in the jocund ring,
Sing and trip it merrily,
Hand to hand, and wing to wing,
Round the wild witch-hazel tree.

Hail the wanderer again,
With dance and song, and lute and lyre,
Pure his wing and strong his chain,
And doubly bright his fairy fire.
Twine ye in an airy round,
Brush the dew and print the lea;
Skip and gambol, hop and bound,
Round the wild witch-hazel tree.

The beetle guards our holy ground,
He flies about the haunted place,
And if mortal there be found,
He hums in his ears and flaps his face;
The leaf-harp sounds our roundelay,
The owlet's eyes our lanterns be;
Thus we sing, and dance and play,
Round the wild witch-hazel tree.

But hark! from tower on tree-top high,
The sentry elf his call has made,
A streak is in the eastern sky,
Shapes of moonlight! flit and fade!
The hill-tops gleam in morning's spring,
The sky-lark shakes his dappled wing,
The day-glimpse glimmers on the lawn,
The cock has crowed, the Fays are gone.


The American Flag


When Freedom, from her mountain height,
Unfurled her standard to the air,
She tore the azure robe of night,
And set the stars of glory there!
She mingled with its gorgeous dyes
The milky baldric of the skies,
And striped its pure, celestial white
With streakings of the morning light;
Then, from his mansion in the sun,
She called her eagle-bearer down,
And gave into his mighty hand
The symbol of her chosen land!

Majestic monarch of the cloud!
Who rear'st aloft thy regal form,
To hear the tempest trumping loud,
And see the lightning lances driven,
When strive the warriors of the storm,
And rolls the thunder-drum of heaven,--
Child of the Sun! to see thee 'tis given
To guard the banner of the free,
To hover in the sulphur smoke,
To ward away the battle-stroke,
And bid its blendings shine afar,
Like rainbows on the cloud of war,
The harbingers of victory!

Flag of the brave! thy folds shall fly,
The sign of hope and triumph high!
When speaks the signal-trumpet tone,
And the long line comes gleaming on,
Ere yet the life-blood, warm and wet,
Has dimmed the glistening bayonet,
Each soldier's eye shall brightly turn
To where thy sky-born glories burn,
And, as his springing steps advance,
Catch war and vengeance from the glance.

And when the cannon-mouthings loud
Heave in wild wreaths the battle shroud,
And gory sabres rise and fall
Like shoots of flame on midnight's pall,
Then shall thy meteor glances flow,
And cowering foes shall shrink beneath
Each gallant arm that strikes below
That lovely messenger of death.

Flag of the seas! on ocean wave
Thy stars shall glitter o'er the brave;
When death, careering on the gale,
Sweeps darkly round the bellied sail,
And frighted waves rush wildly back
Before the broadside's reeling rack,
Each dying wanderer of the sea
Shall look at once to heaven and thee,
And smile to see thy splendors fly
In triumph o'er his closing eye.

Flag of the free heart's hope and home,
By angel hands to valor given!
Thy stars have lit the welkin dome,
And all thy hues were born in heaven.
Forever float that standard sheet!
Where breathes the foe but falls before us,
With Freedom's soil beneath our feet,
And Freedom's banner streaming o'er us!

meer gedichten vindt u onder andere hier

vrijdag 2 december 2011

Jacob Doyer, Nederland (1774-1805)

Jacob Doyer werd geboren op 7 juli 1774 te Zwolle en aldaar overleden op 25 december 1805. Als beroepen worden onder andere trijpfabrikant en volksrepresentant genoemd.

1797 : Dichtmatige navolging van uitgezochte zedekundige spreuken van Salomo, Geestelijke liederen.

Bronnen : F. Jos. van den Branden en J.G. Frederiks, Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde (1888-1891)/

De Minnaar.

Wijze: Je ne suis qu'une bergere, etc. of Vrijheid, blijheid, lust van 't leven, enz.


Richard moog' zijn Fielis eeren
Om heur' staat en hoog geslacht;
Frans zijn Magdalon waardeeren
Om heur rijkdom, zwier en pragt;
Lukas roem' zijn schoon Katrijntjen
Als de uitmuntendste aartsgodin;
Leönard zijn lief Francijntjen
Om heur lustjens tot de min.

Boven Magdalon, Katrina,
Fielis en Francijn, - hoe schoon,
Rijk of edel, - spant Kristina,
Als mijn waardste schat, de kroon:
Zij alleen is de uitverkooren,
Die mijn hart en zinnen streelt,
Schoon niet rijk, niet hooggebooren,
Noch 't volmaakste schoonheids beeld.

'k Min ze om heur gezonde leden,
Om heur gul en zoet gelaat,
Om heur hupsche en kuische zeden,
Om heur rein en net gewaad,
Om heur trouw aan de eêlste pligten,
Om heur heusche vriendlijkheid,
Om heur vlijtig werksverrigten,
Om heur schrander huisbeleid.

Zou ik al heur deugden noemen,
Waar bleef 't einde van mijn lied?
'k Zwijg, verrukt! - daar elk zal roemen,
Die haar kent, haar hoort en ziet.
Vrienden, buuren en gespeelen,
Rijk of arm, getuigt voor mij,
Hoe ze in aller gunst mag deelen,
Welk een lof ze U waardig zij!

Ernest Dowson, Engeland (1867-1900)


Ernest Dowson werd geboren op 2 augustus 1867 te Belmont Hill, Lee, Kent. In zijn jeugd kwam hij met zijn ouders veelvuldig in Frankrijk, Italië, wat voor een groot deel samenhing met de slechte gezondheid van zijn vader.

Dowson studeerde aan de universiteit van Oxford maar zou zijn studies niet afmaken. Hij trad daarentegen in dienst bij het bedrijf van zijh vader (dokwerk) en vertrok uiteindelijk in 1887 naar Londen, alwaar hij een actief sociaal (nacht) leven leidde en zijn eerste gedichten schreef. Samen met onder andere W.B. Yeats en Lionel Pigot Johnson werd hij lid van de Rhymers' Club. Hij droeg bij aan tijdschriften zoals The Yellow Book en The Savoy. Naast gedichten schreef hij ook veel proza. Hoewel hij hier minder succes mee had, was dit ergens toch het onderdeel van zijn schrijverschap waar zijn hart het meest naar uit ging. Daarnaast droeg hij zorg voor de nodige vertalingen, van voornamelijk Franse literatuur.

In 1889 werd Dowson verliefd op de elfjarige Adelaide "Missie" Foltinowicz, de dochter van een Poolse restauranteigenaar, aan wie hij later zijn beroemde gedicht Non Sum Qualis eram Bonae Sub Regno Cynarae zou opdragen. Hij wist haar evenwel niet te krijgen.

In 1894, nadat zijn vader aan tuberculose was overleden en zijn moeder zich had opgehangen, bekeerde hij zich tot het katholicisme, vertrok hij naar Frankrijk en voorzag te Parijs en Dieppe met vertaalwerk in zijn levensonderhoud. Ziek (tbc) en verslaafd aan alcohol en verdovende middelen keerde hij in 1899 verarmd naar Londen terug. De laatste weken van zijn leven bracht hij door in het kleine huisje van schrijver Robert Sherard, die hem eerder in een wijnbar had gevonden. Op 23 februari 1900 overleed hij, 32 jaar jong.

Dowson schreef verfijnde, muzikale poëzie, vol “sensuality and sadness”. Kenmerkend is een voorliefde voor het irrationele, een diep verlangen de realiteit te ontvluchten, zelfhaat en een preoccupatie met de dood. Hij werd sterk beïnvloed door Edgar Allan Poe, Paul Verlaine, Charles Baudelaire, Algernon Swinburne en de Prerafaëlieten. Mede door zijn vroege overlijden liet hij slechts een klein oeuvre na, maar desondanks rekende Yeats hem tot de meest begaafde dichters van zijn tijd. Yeats beschreef Dowson uitgebreid in zijn memoires.

bron: Wikipedia


Vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam

They are not long, the weeping and the laughter,
Love and desire and hate:
I think they have no portion in us after
We pass the gate.

They are not long, the days of wine and roses:
Out of a misty dream
Our path emerges for a while, then closes
Within a dream.


Non sum qualis eram bonae sub regno Cynarae

Last night, ah, yesternight, betwixt her lips and mine
There fell thy shadow, Cynara! thy breath was shed
Upon my soul between the kisses and the wine;
And I was desolate and sick of an old passion,
Yea, I was desolate and bowed my head:
I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.

All night upon mine heart I felt her warm heart beat,
Night-long within mine arms in love and sleep she lay;
Surely the kisses of her bought red mouth were sweet;
But I was desolate and sick of an old passion,
When I awoke and found the dawn was gray:
I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.

I have forgot much, Cynara! gone with the wind,
Flung roses, roses riotously with the throng,
Dancing, to put thy pale, lost lilies out of mind;
But I was desolate and sick of an old passion,
Yea, all the time, because the dance was long:
I have been faithful to thee, Cynara! in my fashion.

I cried for madder music and for stronger wine,
But when the feast is finished and the lamps expire,
Then falls thy shadow, Cynara! the night is thine;
And I am desolate and sick of an old passion,
Yea, hungry for thelips of my desire:
I have been faithful to thee Cynara! in my fashion



zijn complete poetische werken treft men hier

donderdag 1 december 2011

Keith Douglas, Engeland (1920-1944)


Keith Douglas werd geboren op 24 januari 1920 in Turnbridge Wells te Kent als enigst kind van Kapitein Keith Sholto Douglas en Marie Josephine Castellain. Zijn jeugd kende nogal de nodige tegenslagen. Zo kreeg zijn moeder in 1924 een hersenontsteking waar ze nooit meer geheel van zou herstellen en ging de door zijn vader opgezette kippenfarm enkele jaren later failliet.

Keith ging naar de Edgeborough School te Guildford in een periode dat het gezin steeds armer werd en vader zelfs de wijk moest nemen naar Wales op zoek naar een baan. De slechte financiële situatie en de maar niet verbeterende zwakke gezondheid van moeder Marie leidde in 1928 tot een breuk. Vader vertrok niet veel later, om nooit meer terug te keren. Met als resultaat dat de achtjarige Keith in feite verantwoordelijk werd gesteld voor zijn moeder. De jonge knaap leed duidelijk onder het feit dat zijn vader geen contact meer met hem zocht. Pas in 1938 zou keith een brief van zijn vader ontvangen, maar enige behoefte aan contact was ondertussen natuurlijkerwijs volledig wegeebt.

In september 1931 werd hij toegelaten op Christ's Hospital nabij Horsham, een publieke school die vooral bedoeld was voor kinderen wiens ouders deze vorm van onderwijs anders nooit zouden kunnen bekostigen, alwaar hij studeerde tot 1938. De geboden structuur en veiligheid voelde als een warme deken aan voor hem, aangezien hij dit in zijn jeugd ergens altijd gemist had. Alhier ontwikkelde hij ook zijn liefde voor de literatuur en het schrijven van gedichten. Een activiteit waardoor hij zowel positief als negatief als een buitenbeentje beschouwd zou worden. De enige acvtiviteit waardoor hij enige connectie voelde met zijn medestudenten was de militaire training die op school gegeven werd. Hierdoor verloor hij ook een beetje zijn wilde haren en wist hij zijn autoriteitsprobleem iets beter onder controle te houden. Een probleem dat hem al meerdere malen op de rand van schorsing en verwijdering had gebracht.

Hierna volgde een meer productieve periode waarin hij zowel qua studie als qua sport veelvuldig van zich deed spreken. Onder andere resulterend in een beurs voor Merton College, Oxford alwaar hij geschiedenis en Engels ging studeren. De bekende dichter Edmund Blunden, zijn mentor op Merton, was danig onder de indruk van de gedichten van Douglas dat hij ze op een gegeven moment zelfs doorstuurde naar T.S. Eliot wiens reactie mogelijk nog lovender was. Douglas werd redacteur van The Cherwell, en werd tevens opgenomen in de bloemlezing "Eight Oxford Poets (1942)", maar tegen die tijd zat hij reeds aan het front. Enkele andere opgenomen dichters in deze bundel waren, Sidney Keyes, Drummond Allison, John Heath-Stubbs en Philip Larkin,maar aangezien deze allen jonger waren dan Douglas is het onwaarschijnlijk dat hij ze zelfs ook maar gekend heeft.

De Oorlog was nog niet begonnen, of Douglas stond reeds voor de deur van het rekruteringskantoor. Het zou echter nog tot juli 1940 duren alvorens hij mocht beginnen met zijn training. In juli van het daaropvolgende jaar werd vertrok hij naar het midden-oosten. Na een kort verblijf te Cairo en Palestina, kwam hij uiteindelijk in het hoofdkwartier bij El Alamein terecht, twintig kilometer achter het front ten tijde van de tweede slag om El Alamein. Na lange tijd te hebben toegekeken hoe de verschillende regimenten aan het front de ene klap na de andere te verwerken kregen, stapte hij op 27 oktober in een vrachtwagen en reed naar het front. Aldaar meldde hij zich bij de dienstdoende officier met de leugen dat hij gestuurd was, maar aangezien deze elke man kon gebruiken die zich maar aandiende, werd er verder geen zaak van gemaakt. Zodoende zou hij als onderdeel van het achtste leger de glorieuze opmars door Noord-Afrika meemaken, welke hij zo beeldend beschreef in zijn boek Alamein to Zem Zem.

Hij keerde terug te Engeland als kapitein in december 1943 en maakte deel uit van de invasie te Normandië op 6 juni 1944. Hij werd gedood door mortiervuur op de negende juni nabij Bayeux. Hij werd ter plekke begraven, maar zou later nog een herbegrafenis krijgen op de militaire begraafplaats te Tilly-sur-Seulles.


Bibliografie:

Selected Poems (Keith Douglas, J.C. Hall, Norman Nicholson) (1943)
Alamein to Zem Zem (memoir) (1946)
Collected Poems (1951)
Selected Poems (Faber 1964)
The Complete Poems (1978)


Vergissmeinnicht

Three weeks gone and the combatants gone
returning over the nightmare ground
we found the place again, and found
the soldier sprawling in the sun.

The frowning barrel of his gun
overshadowing. As we came on
that day, he hit my tank with one
like the entry of a demon.

Look. Here in the gunpit spoil
the dishonoured picture of his girl
who has put: Steffi. Vergissmeinnicht.
in a copybook gothic script.

We see him almost with content,
abased, and seeming to have paid
and mocked at by his own equipment
that's hard and good when he's decayed.

But she would weep to see today
how on his skin the swart flies move;
the dust upon the paper eye
and the burst stomach like a cave.

For here the lover and killer are mingled
who had one body and one heart.
And death who had the soldier singled
has done the lover mortal hurt.



How To Kill

Under the parabola of a ball,
a child turning into a man,
I looked into the air too long.
The ball fell in my hand, it sang
in the closed fist: Open Open
Behold a gift designed to kill.

Now in my dial of glass appears
the soldier who is going to die.
He smiles, and moves about in ways
his mother knows, habits of his.
The wires touch his face: I cry
NOW. Death, like a familiar, hears


And look, has made a man of dust
of a man of flesh. This sorcery
I do. Being damned, I am amused
to see the centre of love diffused
and the wave of love travel into vacancy.
How easy it is to make a ghost.


The weightless mosquito touches
her tiny shadow on the stone,
and with how like, how infinite
a lightness, man and shadow meet.
They fuse. A shadow is a man
when the mosquito death approaches


Villanelle Of Spring Bells


Bells in the town alight with spring
converse, with a concordance of new airs
make clear the fresh and ancient sound they sing.

People emerge from winter to hear them ring,
children glitter with mischief and the blind man hears
bells in the town alight with spring.

Even he on his eyes feels the caressing
finger of Persephone, and her voice escaped from tears
make clear the fresh and ancient sound they sing.

Bird feels the enchantment of his wing
and in ten fine notes dispels twenty cares.
Bells in the town alight with spring

warble the praise of Time, for he can bring
this season: chimes the merry heaven bears
make clear the fresh and ancient sound they sing.

All evil men intent on evil thing
falter, for in their cold unready ears
bells in the town alight with spring
make clear the fresh and ancient sound they sing.


Cairo Jag

Shall I get drunk or cut myself a piece of cake,
a pasty Syrian with a few words of English
or the Turk who says she is a princess--she dances
apparently by levitation? Or Marcelle, Parisienne
always preoccupied with her dull dead lover:
she has all the photographs and his letters
tied in a bundle and stamped Decede in mauve ink.
All this takes place in a stink of jasmin.

But there are the streets dedicated to sleep
stenches and the sour smells, the sour cries
do not disturb their application to slumber
all day, scattered on the pavement like rags
afflicted with fatalism and hashish. The women
offering their children brown-paper breasts
dry and twisted, elongated like the skull,
Holbein's signature. But his stained white town
is something in accordance with mundane conventions-
Marcelle drops her Gallic airs and tragedy
suddenly shrieks in Arabic about the fare
with the cabman, links herself so
with the somnambulists and legless beggars:
it is all one, all as you have heard.

But by a day's travelling you reach a new world
the vegetation is of iron
dead tanks, gun barrels split like celery
the metal brambles have no flowers or berries
and there are all sorts of manure, you can imagine
the dead themselves, their boots, clothes and possessions
clinging to the ground, a man with no head
has a packet of chocolate and a souvenir of Tripoli.


The Knife

Can I explain this to you? Your eyes
are entrances the mouths of caves
I issue from wonderful interiors
upon a blessed sea and a fine day,
from inside these caves I look and dream.

Your hair explicable as a waterfall
in some black liquid cooled by legend
fell across my thought in a moment
became a garment I am naked without
lines drawn across through morning and evening.

And in your body each minute I died
moving your thigh could disinter me
from a grave in a distant city:
your breasts deserted by cloth, clothed in twilight
filled me with tears, sweet cups of flesh.

Yes, to touch two fingers made us worlds
stars, waters, promontories, chaos
swooning in elements without form or time
come down through long seas among sea marvels
embracing like survivors in our islands.

This I think happened to us together
though now no shadow of it flickers in your hands
your eyes look down on ordinary streets
If I talk to you I might be a bird
with a message, a dead man, a photograph.